Geometry: Great Circle Distance
The code has been modified slightly and now uploaded to the site.

42.cpp
#include <iostream>
#include <cmath>
using namespace std;
// Don't know why answer is slightly off, example output might be unedited and therefore incorrect
int main(){
double d;
double radius = 6378.1;
// double radius = 6371.01;
double x1;
double y1;
double x2;
double y2;
std::cout << "Enter point 1 (latitude and longitude) in degrees: \n";
std::cin >> x1;
std::cin >> y1;
std::cout << "Enter point 2 (latitude and longitude) in degrees: \n";
std::cin >> x2;
std::cin >> y2;
d = radius * acos(sin(x1 * M_PI/180) * sin(x2 * M_PI/180) + cos(x1 * M_PI/180) * cos(x2 * M_PI/180) * cos ((y1 * M_PI/180) - (y2 * M_PI/180)));
std::cout << "The distance between the two points is " << d << " km\n";
}
Input (42input.txt)
39.55
-116.25
41.5
87.37